• 关于CO2的原子晶体的疑问

    kio3 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 10:20:47 +0000

         《Science》说高压下CO₂变成SiO₂型的原子晶体,变成原子晶体我没意见,不过是SiO₂型,我就觉得奇怪了。
           SiO₂的∠Si—O—Si=180°显然其中的O取sp杂化,还剩两个p轨道和Si的3d轨道形成d-pπ键。Si可以搞d-pπ键,C就不行了,原子晶体的CO₂中的O只能取sp³杂化。
           依我之见:原子晶体的CO₂取SiS₂型比取SiO₂型更为合理,至少键角正常点。不知各位有何意见?是《Science》误记,我的分析有错,还是理论不够完善?

  • # 1

    Cosmology Tue, 21 Sep 2010 12:32:42 +0000

    你确定Science 上说高压下CO₂中C-O-C 的键角是180度了吗? SiO₂有很多晶型的,绝大部分Si-O-Si 的键角(比如常见的石英)都不是180度,只有磷石英Si-O-Si 的键角是180度。
    这是我查到的,
    http://www.esrf.eu/UsersAndScience/Publications/Highlights/1999/chemistry/polyco2.html
    "above 35 GPa and 1800 K, highly strained CO2-III transforms into a new phase CO2-V that can be quenched at ambient temperature (Figure 39c). It clearly shows that the texture in the transformed area is distinct from that in a non-transformed area. In this study, the crystal structure of CO2-V has been found to be orthorhombic (P212121), analogous to SiO2 tridymite (a distorted high temperature phase of ß-quartz). Each carbon atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms at a carbon-oxygen distance of 1.36 Å at 40 GPa and an O-C-O angle of 110°. These CO4 tetrahedral units share their corner oxygen atoms to form a layered structure in the ab-plane; whereas, the apices of the tetrahedra are connected through oxygen atoms along the c-axis (Figure 40). This interconnected layer structure of tetrahedra results in a C-O-C angle of 130°, substantially smaller than those of SiO2 tridymites 174-180° or of quartz 145°. Such rigidity in the C-O-C angles may reflect the fact that oxygen atoms in CO2-V are more tightly bound than in SiO2 and result in a higher covalence and bulk modulus for CO2-V than for any of the SiO2 polymorphs. In fact, we found that the bulk modulus of CO2-V is about 362 GPa, substantially higher than SiO2-quartz (37 GPa) and even stishovite (310 GPa). It is nearly the same value with cubic-BN (369 GPa) and thus could be a good candidate for a superhard polymer."
    大意是说,30GPa 高压下,CO2 的晶型与磷石英类似,但C-O-C 的键角是130度,显著地比Si-O-Si 在磷石英(174度~180度)以及石英(145度)的键角小。

  • # 2

    kio3 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 15:43:34 +0000

    感谢Cosmology,SiO2的∠Si—O—Si不全是180°我是第一次知道。
    《Science》没说∠C—O—C=180°,是我孤陋寡闻,只知道∠Si—O—Si的180°,于是推测的……

  • # 3

    叶绿素 Wed, 22 Sep 2010 14:00:30 +0000

    路过长见识了